孟山都公司是正人君子，還是十惡不赦的跨國公司?
-- 新聞紀(jì)錄片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》與Jeffrey M. Smitch的影評
Film Review: The World According to Monsanto
影評：http://www.bangmfood.org/films/22-films/4-film-review-the-world-according-to-monsanto
中文字幕視頻：http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/6AH_EFMgpMs/
Directed by Marie-Monique Robin
導(dǎo)演：Marie-Monique Robin
Review by Jeffrey M. Smith
影評者：Jeffrey M. Smith
Chinese Translation by: Chen I-wan, Advisor ([email protected])
Committee of Disaster Historical Studies to China Disaster
陳一文（中國災(zāi)害防御協(xié)會災(zāi)害史顧問，[email protected]）譯
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陳一文顧問按：
Advisor Chen I-wan comments:
《中國經(jīng)營報(bào)》2010年01月16日《我國成首個(gè)批準(zhǔn)主糧轉(zhuǎn)基因種植國家》披露：
On Jan. 16, 2010, China Business’s article “China becomes the first nation to approve agricultural production of genetic modified (GM) staple food” revealed:
http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20100116/10597256310.shtml
-- 在批準(zhǔn)了轉(zhuǎn)基因棉花、番茄、甜椒等作物種植后，2009年11月27日，農(nóng)業(yè)部批準(zhǔn)了兩種轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻、一種轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米的安全證書，這也讓我國成為世界上第一個(gè)批準(zhǔn)主糧可進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)基因種植的國家。
-- Upon approving agricultural production of genetic modified (GM) cotton, tomatoes, pepper and other plants, on Nov. 27, 2010, the Ministry of Agriculture approves the certification to two types of genetic modified (GM) rice, one type of genetic modified (GM) corn, this also makes China becomes the first nation to approve agricultural production of genetic modified (GM) staple food.
《中國生物技術(shù)信息網(wǎng)》報(bào)道：
China Biotechnology Information website reports:
http://www.biotech.org.cn/news/news/show.php?id=73593
-- 2009年11月4日，孟山都公司在北京舉行儀式，宣布公司在中國的第一家研究機(jī)構(gòu)孟山都生物技術(shù)研究中心在京正式成立。
-- Monsanto held a ceremony in Beijing on Nov. 4, 2009, announcing establishment of Monsanto Biotechnology Research Center in Beijing, their first research institution in China.
-- 孟山都生物技術(shù)研究中心將進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)孟山都公司和中國科研機(jī)構(gòu)與大學(xué)在植物生物技術(shù)和轉(zhuǎn)基因組學(xué)領(lǐng)域的合作。
-- The Monsanto Biotechnology Research Center shall further enhance cooperation between Monsanto and Chinese science research institutions and universities in field of plant biotechnology and GM-genomics.
-- 孟山都公司致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)對公眾的承諾，即到2030年，其核心作物玉米、棉花和大豆的產(chǎn)量在2000年基礎(chǔ)上翻番，同時(shí)減少對能源、化肥、以及水的消耗，并助力全世界農(nóng)民提高生活水平。為實(shí)現(xiàn)該承諾，孟山都公司每天投入200多萬美元用于技術(shù)研發(fā)。
-- Monsanto fulfill it’s commitment to the public, i.e. by 2030 to double production output of its core products corn, cotton and soybean, and, at the same time reduce consumption of energy, chemical fertilizer and water, and help worldwide farmers increase their living standards. To fulfill this commitment, Monsanto invests over USD2 million each day for R&D.
-- 孟山都北京生物技術(shù)研究中心將展開生物信息學(xué)和基因組學(xué)的初期研究，并為孟山都全球研發(fā)網(wǎng)絡(luò)與中國科研人員的合作提供平臺。孟山都公司的研發(fā)總部位于美國，同時(shí)在歐洲、巴西和印度設(shè)有研究中心。
-- The Monsanto Beijing Biotechnology Research Center shall carry out preliminary research in bioinformation and genomics, and provide a platform for the Monsanto global R&D network to cooperate with Chinese science research personnel. The R&D headquarters of Monsanto is located in USA, and has research centers in Europe, Brazil and India.
孟山都公司是“助力全世界農(nóng)民提高生活水平”的正人君子公司，是又一個(gè)唯利是圖追逐暴利的跨國公司，還是一家十惡不赦的跨國公司？
Is Monsanto a Corporation devoting efforts to “help worldwide farmers increase their living standards”, or is another profiteering multi-national Corporation, or is an unpardonably wicked multi-national Corporation?
（法國）Marie-Monique Robin女士導(dǎo)演的影片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》以及（美國）Jeffrey M. Smitch先生的影評披露的大量情況,如果基本屬實(shí)的話，（美國）孟山都公司顯然不僅是一家唯利是圖追逐暴利的跨國公司，而是一家有意危害全球人類持續(xù)安全健康生存與發(fā)展的十惡不赦的公司。
However, the massive information revealed by “The World According to Monsanto” film directed by Madam Marie-Monique Robin, France and the review by Jeffrey M. Smith, USA, if basically true, then Monsanto, USA obviously not only is a profiteering corporation, but also is an unpardonably wicked corporation purposely harming global mankind’s sustainable safety and healthy survival and development.
為此，本顧問推薦每位中國人與世界華人訪問影片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》的中文字幕視頻：
For this reason, Advisor Chen recommends every Chinese person and World Chinese to visit the web address to view the video of this film with Chinese subtitles:
中文字幕視頻：http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/6AH_EFMgpMs/
為方便大家了解Jeffrey M. Smitch先生影評的內(nèi)容，特地以英中文對照方式提供本顧問的中譯文。
For convenience of non-English readers to read the film review by Jeffrey M. Smitch, I am forwarding my English/Chinese translation.
孟山都公司以及他們在國外與中國的支持者們至今未能夠向任何法院起訴Marie-Monique Robin女士以及她導(dǎo)演的新聞紀(jì)錄片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》，更沒有能夠公開舉證證明新聞紀(jì)錄片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》舉證披露的事實(shí)不符合基本事實(shí)，表明孟山都公司以及他們在國外與中國的支持者們只能夠默認(rèn)新聞紀(jì)錄片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》舉證披露的事實(shí)！
Monsanto and their supporters abroad and in China to this date have not brought any accusation at any court against madam Marie-Monique Robin and her documentary film “The World According to Monsanto”, and they also have not been able to publicly present evidence to prove that the facts revealed and presented as evidence by “The World According to Monsanto” are false, this indicates that Monsanto and their supporters abroad and in China have no other choice but to acquiescence admit that the facts revealed and presented as evidence by “The World According to Monsanto” are true!
為了中國人民持續(xù)安全健康生存與發(fā)展，建議中國全國人大與最高檢察察院專題調(diào)查與立案調(diào)查何人如何支持這樣一家公司進(jìn)入中國并建立研究中心？
To assure sustainable safety and healthy survival and development of the Chinese people, suggest the National People"s Congress and the Supreme People"s Procuratorate of China carry out special investigation to investigate who and how supported such a corporation enter China and establish its R&D center?
同時(shí)調(diào)查中國與孟山都公司關(guān)系密切的哪些人如何幕后操作導(dǎo)致農(nóng)業(yè)部在沒有向全國人大與公眾詳細(xì)通報(bào)所有情況下如何批準(zhǔn)了兩種轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻、一種轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米的安全證書，使中國率先成為世界上第一個(gè)批準(zhǔn)主糧可進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)基因種植的國家？
At the same time should also investigate which Chinese persons with close relationship to Monsanto how they operated behind the screen resulted the Ministry of Agriculture to approve the safety certificate for two species of genetic modified rice and one species of genetic modified corn, without providing full detail report to the National People"s Congress and to the public, making China the first nation in the World to approve agricultural production of genetic modified staple food grain for its people?
全球正直的人就必須聯(lián)合起來，組成全球最廣泛的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線，在全球所有國家協(xié)同對付孟山都公司這頭妖魔！
All the righthearted people must unit, establish globally broadest united front, and cooperate in dealing with Monster Monsanto in all nations of the globe!
為此，請讀者們將影片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》的視頻網(wǎng)址以及本顧問英中文對照方式提供的中譯文影評轉(zhuǎn)給全國政協(xié)委員們、全國人大代表們與媒體的朋友們!
For this reason, please forward the website address of the video of the film “The World According to Monsanto” and the English/Chinese translation of review forward to committee members of of the Chinese people"s political consultative conference and representatives of the National People"s Congress, and to media friends!
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How much outrage can a single multinational corporation inspire? How much damage can they inflict? The breathtaking new film, The World According to Monsanto, features a company that sets the new standard. From Iowa to Paraguay, from England to India, Monsanto is uprooting our food supply and replacing it with their patented genetically engineered creations. And along the way, farmers, communities, and nature become collateral damage.
一家跨國公司能夠激發(fā)多少義憤？他們能夠造成多少損害？一部令人震驚的新聞紀(jì)錄片《孟山都公司眼中的世界》描述了建立這樣新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一個(gè)公司。從美國愛荷華州到巴拉圭，從英國道印度，孟山都公司正在根除我們的食物供應(yīng)用他們專利的遺傳工程創(chuàng)造的產(chǎn)品取而代之。一路上，農(nóng)民、社區(qū)以及自然界都受到了損害。
The Gazette says the movie “will freeze the blood in your veins.” The Hour says it’s a “horrifying enough picture” to warrant “fury.” But most importantly, this critical film opens our eyes just in time.
《論壇》報(bào)說，這部電影使觀眾感到“血管中的血液凝結(jié)起來”。《小時(shí)》報(bào)稱，這是一部“令人恐怖的影片”足以激起“暴怒”。但是更重要的是，這部影片及時(shí)打開了我們的研究。
The film is the work of celebrated award-winning French filmmaker Marie-Monique Robin, whose three years of work on four continents exposes why Monsanto has become the world’s poster child for malignant corporate influence in government and technology. Combining secret documents with accounts by victims, scientists and policy makers, she guides us through a web of misleading reports, pressure tactics, collusion, and attempted corruption. And we learn how the company systematically tricked governments into allowing dangerous genetically modified (GM) foods into our diet—with Monsanto in charge of determining if they’re safe.
該部影片是因獲獎應(yīng)給予慶賀的法國電影導(dǎo)演馬莉-莫妮克·羅賓女士的成果，她三年來在四大洲的工作揭露了孟山都公司如何成為世界上對政府與技術(shù)發(fā)揮惡劣公司影響的典型。影片披露的秘密文件與受害者、科學(xué)家與政策制作者提供的證言，引導(dǎo)我們了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)上充滿誤導(dǎo)性的報(bào)告、施壓策略、勾結(jié)，以及腐敗企圖，使我們了解孟山都公司如何系統(tǒng)地誘騙政府有關(guān)政府部門允許危險(xiǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)基因（GM）食品到我們的餐桌上—并由孟山都公司負(fù)責(zé)確定它們是否安全。
Deception, Deception, Deception
欺騙、欺騙、欺騙
The company’s history with some of the most toxic chemicals ever produced, illustrates why they can’t be trusted. Ask the folks of Anniston, Alabama, where Monsanto’s PCB factory secretly poisoned the neighborhood for decades. PCBs are Monsanto’s toxic oils used as coolants and lubricants for over 50 years and are now virtually omnipresent in the blood and tissues of humans and wildlife around the globe. But Anniston residents have levels hundreds or thousands of times the average. They all know their levels, which they carry as death sentences. David Baker, who lost his little brother and most of his friends to PCB-related diseases such as cancer, says Anniston kids used to run up to him, report their PCB level and ask, “How long you think I got?”
這個(gè)公司生產(chǎn)過最為毒性化學(xué)產(chǎn)品的歷史表明孟山都公司為什么是不可信的。孟山都公司在阿巴馬州阿尼斯頓（Anniston, Alabama）的PCB工廠對鄰近地區(qū)秘密毒害了幾十年，只要問一下當(dāng)?shù)厝四軌蛄私?。孟山都公司作為冷卻劑與潤滑劑使用PCB超過50年，目前世界各處人與野生動物的血液與組織中事實(shí)上已經(jīng)無所不在。但是阿尼斯頓當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裱褐械腜CB含量為平均水平的數(shù)百上千倍。他們都知道自己的PCB水平，決定著他們的死刑期。大衛(wèi)·貝克（David Baker），因PCB含量過高導(dǎo)致的癌癥等疾病已經(jīng)失掉了其弟弟以及其許多朋友。大衛(wèi)講，當(dāng)?shù)氐男『⒔?jīng)常會找他告訴他們的PCB水平，然后詢問“你認(rèn)為我還有多少時(shí)間？”
Ken Cook of the Environmental Working Group says that based on Monsanto documents made public during a trial, the company “knew the truth from the very beginning. They lied about it. They hid the truth from their neighbors.” One Monsanto memo explains their justification: “We can’t afford to lose one dollar of business.”
《環(huán)境工作組》的肯·庫克（Ken Cook）說，根據(jù)一次審判中披露的孟山都公司文件，這個(gè)公司“從最初開始一直了解事實(shí)。他們對此說謊。他們對他們的鄰居們隱藏了真實(shí)情況”。孟山都公司的一項(xiàng)備忘錄對他們這樣做提供了解釋：“我們無法承擔(dān)失掉哪怕一美元的生意”！
Monsanto also produced the infamous Agent Orange, the cancer and birth-defect causing defoliant sprayed over Vietnam. It contaminated more than 3 million civilians and servicemen. But according to William Sanjour, who led the Toxic Waste Division of the Environmental Protection Agency, “thousands of veterans were disallowed benefits” because “Monsanto studies showed that dioxin [the main ingredient in Agent Orange] was not a human carcinogen.” But his EPA colleague discovered that Monsanto had allegedly falsified the data in their studies. Sanjour says, “If they were done correctly, [the studies] would have reached just the opposite result.”
孟山都公司還生產(chǎn)了在越南到處噴灑導(dǎo)致癌癥與嬰兒缺陷的聲名狼藉的黃色脫葉劑。它污染了超過三百萬平民與軍人。依據(jù)（美國）環(huán)境保護(hù)署（EPA）有毒分部負(fù)責(zé)人威廉·桑焦耳（William Sanjour）披露的情況，“數(shù)千退役軍人沒有批準(zhǔn)受益”因?yàn)椤懊仙蕉脊镜难芯勘砻鞫踯唬╠ioxin）[黃色脫葉劑的主要成分]并非人類致癌物質(zhì)”。但是他在環(huán)境保護(hù)署（EPA）同事發(fā)現(xiàn)孟山都公司的研究所申述的是偽造的數(shù)據(jù)。桑焦耳（Sanjour）說，“如果提交正確的數(shù)據(jù)，[該項(xiàng)研究]必然獲得相反的結(jié)果?！?/p>
Secret documents stolen from the FDA also reveal serious health effects from Monsanto’s genetically engineered bovine growth hormone, called rBGH or rBST. In particular, the amount of a powerful hormone called IGF-1 is substantially increased in milk from treated cows. Samuel Epstein, Chairman of the Cancer Prevention Coalition, says that approximately 60 studies link IGF-1 to “breast, colon, and prostate cancers.”
從美國食品藥物管理署（FDA）偷出來的秘密文件披露，孟山都公司稱之為rBGH或 rBST的轉(zhuǎn)基因牛生長素造成嚴(yán)重的健康問題。特別是，服用這種生長素的牛的牛奶中，稱之為IGF-1的一種作用很強(qiáng)的荷爾蒙顯著增加。美國癌癥防治聯(lián)盟主席塞繆爾·愛潑斯坦（Samuel Epstein）告訴我們， IGF-1與“乳房癌、結(jié)腸癌、前列腺癌”有關(guān)的研究有大約60項(xiàng)。
Cancer is also implicated in Monsanto’s showcase herbicide, Roundup. According Professor Robert Bellé’s research showing disrupted cell division, “Roundup provokes the first stages that lead to cancer.” Bellé, who is with the National Center for Scientific Research and the Pierre and Marie Curie Institute in France, says, “The tested doses were well below those which people normally use.”
孟山都公司推崇的《圍捕》（Roundup）除草劑也牽連到癌癥。羅伯特·貝勒教授的研究表明陷于混亂的細(xì)胞分裂，“《圍捕》（Roundup）除草劑驅(qū)動導(dǎo)致癌變的第一階段”。在國家科學(xué)研究中心（National Center for Scientific Research）與法國皮埃爾與馬莉·居里研究院（Pierre and Marie Curie Institute）工作的貝勒教授說，“試驗(yàn)的劑量遠(yuǎn)低于人們正常使用的劑量”。
Monsanto has promoted Roundup as harmless to both humans and the environment. But their advertised environmental claims, such as “biodegradable,” “l(fā)eaves the soil clean,” and “respects the environment,” were declared false and illegal by judges in both the US and France. In fact, Monsanto’s own studies showed that 28 days after application, only 2% of the product had broken down. They were forced to remove “biodegradable” from the label.
孟山都推銷《圍捕》（Roundup）除草劑時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)它對于人類與環(huán)境無害。但是他們廣告宣傳的環(huán)境無害主張，如“生物降解”、“使土壤保持清潔”以及“尊重環(huán)境”，被美國與法國的法官宣告為虛假與非法。事實(shí)上，孟山都公司自己的研究表明應(yīng)用28天后，只有2%的產(chǎn)品降解。孟山都公司被迫從標(biāo)簽上去除“生物降解”。
Above the law
超越法律
When Monsanto’s transgressions are reported to authorities, somehow the company is magically let off the hook.
當(dāng)孟山都公司犯罪的事實(shí)舉報(bào)給當(dāng)局，不知何故公司魔術(shù)般的脫掉了關(guān)系。
When Monsanto finally did share information on PCBs with the government, for example, Ken Cook says “instead of siding with the people who were being poisoned, [the government] sided with the company. . . . It was outrageous!” When William Sanjour’s EPA colleague, Cate Jenkins, asked the agency to review Monsanto’s flawed Agent Orange studies, Sanjour says, “there was no investigation of Monsanto. . . . What they investigated was Cate Jenkins, the whistleblower! They made her life a hell.”
當(dāng)孟山都公司最終不得不向政府部門提供有關(guān)PCB的信息，但是肯·庫克（Ken Cook）說“[政府]不是站在受到毒害的人民一邊，而是站到了公司的一邊……完全令人不可容忍！”當(dāng)威廉·桑焦耳（William Sanjour）在環(huán)境保護(hù)署（EPA）的同事凱梯·玖恩金斯（Cate Jenkins）要求環(huán)境保護(hù)署對孟山都公司關(guān)于黃色脫葉劑研究報(bào)告的缺陷進(jìn)行審查時(shí)，桑焦耳（Sanjour）說“對孟山都公司沒有進(jìn)行調(diào)查……他們調(diào)查的對象是凱梯·玖恩金斯（Cate Jenkins），舉報(bào)者！他們使她后來的生活像在地獄中一般?！?/p>
When Richard Burroughs of the FDA held up approval of rBGH by demanding more rigorous and relevant testing, he was fired. He says, “They figured: ‘Well, if you’re in the way, we’ll get you out of the way.’. . . One day, I was escorted to the door and told that was it; I was done.” Senior government scientists at Health Canada testified that their superiors were pressuring them to approve rBGH and that Monsanto had offered them an alleged bribe of $1-2 million. The scientists were later reprimanded, punished, and eventually “dismissed for disobedience.” rBGH was never approved in Canada, Europe, and most industrialized nations.
當(dāng)食品藥物管理署的理查德·巴羅歐斯（Richard Burroughs）要求更為嚴(yán)格與相關(guān)的試驗(yàn)而攔住了對rBGH的批準(zhǔn)，他被辭掉。他說，“他們考慮：‘好吧，如果你擋道的話，我們就請你讓路’……一天，我被護(hù)送到門口并告訴離開；我就完了。”加拿大健康署的高級政府科學(xué)家作證，他們的上級對施壓讓他們批準(zhǔn)rBGH而孟山都公司提議提供100到200美元的賄賂。這些科學(xué)家后來提出申訴，被懲罰，然后因“不服從而被辭掉”。rBGH在加拿大、歐洲與大部分工業(yè)化國家始終未獲批準(zhǔn)。
When Professor Bellé went to his administration “to let the public know about the dangers” of Roundup herbicide, he was “ordered” not to communicate his findings “due to the GMO question lurking in the background.” That question about genetically modified organisms was in relation to Monsanto’s “Roundup Ready” crops. Monsanto has the patent for 90% of the GMOs grown on the planet, and most of them are genetically modified specifically to tolerate applications of Roundup.
當(dāng)貝勒（Bellé）教授到他的政府部門“要求讓公眾了解[《圍捕》（Roundup）除草劑]的危險(xiǎn)”，他“受指示”不要傳播他的發(fā)現(xiàn)“由于轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）的問題潛伏在后邊”。關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）的問題與孟山都公司的“抗《圍捕》（Roundup）除草劑”農(nóng)作物有關(guān)。孟山都公司擁有地球上生長的轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）90%的專利，其中大部分進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)基因改造特別為了容忍《圍捕》（Roundup）除草劑的應(yīng)用。
Corporate Coup d’état
公司政變未遂
Monsanto’s past manipulations were mere warm ups compared to the virtual government takeover used to approve GM foods. Author Jeremy Rifkin, President of the Foundation for Economic Trends, says, “I have never seen a situation where one company could have so much overwhelming influence at the highest levels of regulatory decision making.”
與作者事實(shí)上接管了某些政府用于批準(zhǔn)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的權(quán)力相比，孟山都公司過去的操縱僅僅算的上熱身。杰雷米·里夫金（Jeremy Rifkin），一位作者，同時(shí)擔(dān)任《經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢基金會》（Foundation for Economic Trends）總裁，說：“我從來沒有見到這樣的情況，一家公司能夠?qū)ψ罡邔臃ㄒ?guī)決策層發(fā)揮如此大的影響?！?/p>
The problem Monsanto faced was that GMOs are inherently unsafe. They can create dangerous side effects. That was the overwhelming consensus by FDA scientists, according to 44,000 agency documents made public from a lawsuit. But the most important document, FDA’s official policy, claimed that GMOs were not substantially different. They were granted the status “Generally Recognized as Safe,” even though they failed to meet the normal criteria. Thus, no safety testing is necessary. If Monsanto declares their GM products safe, the FDA has no further questions.
孟山都公司面臨的問題是轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）實(shí)質(zhì)上的不安全性。它們能夠造成危險(xiǎn)的副作用。它們能夠造成危險(xiǎn)的副作用。依據(jù)一項(xiàng)訴訟中公開的美國食品與藥物管理署（FDA）44,000篇文件，這是美國食品與藥物管理署（FDA）科學(xué)家們壓倒性的一致意見。但是，反映FDA官方政策的最重要的文件，卻聲稱轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）沒有什么實(shí)質(zhì)性區(qū)別。他們對轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）授予“一般來講認(rèn)為是安全”的地位，盡管它們（轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體）甚至不符合正常的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因而，沒有必要進(jìn)行任何安全試驗(yàn)。如果孟山都公司聲稱他們的轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品（GM products）是安全的，美國食品與藥物管理署（FDA）不在提出任何進(jìn)一步的問題。
Former FDA biotech coordinator James Maryanski admits on camera that the GMO policy “was a political decision,” not scientific. In fact, FDA political appointee Michael Taylor was in charge of the policy. Taylor was formerly Monsanto’s attorney and later their vice president.
美國食品與藥物管理署（FDA）前任生物技術(shù)協(xié)調(diào)員杰姆斯·馬力昂斯基（James Maryanski）在攝像機(jī)面前承認(rèn)關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）的政策“是一項(xiàng)政治決定”，不是科學(xué)性的決定。事實(shí)上，美國食品與藥物管理署（FDA）的政治任命者邁克爾·泰勒（Michael Taylor）負(fù)責(zé)制定該項(xiàng)政策。泰勒（Taylor）曾經(jīng)是孟山都公司的法律顧問，而后成為他們的副總裁。
Monsanto’s people regularly infiltrate upper echelons of government, and the company offers prominent positions to officials when they leave public service. This revolving door has included key people in the White House, regulatory agencies, even the Supreme Court. Monsanto also had George Bush Senior on their side, as evidenced by footage of Vice President Bush at Monsanto’s facility offering help to get their products through government bureaucracy. He says, “Call me. We’re in the ‘de-reg’ business. Maybe we can help.”
孟山都公司的人士定期滲透政府上層人士，某些官員們離開政府工作時(shí)該公司向他們提供公司中的重要職位。這個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)門甚至包括白宮、監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)，甚至最高法院的關(guān)鍵人物。孟山都公司也使老布什站到他們一邊。影片的片斷對此提供證據(jù)：當(dāng)時(shí)擔(dān)任副總統(tǒng)的老布什在孟山都公司的設(shè)施里表示愿意幫助使他們的產(chǎn)品通過政府的官僚機(jī)構(gòu)。老布什當(dāng)時(shí)說，“給我打電話。我們正在減少監(jiān)管。也許我們可以幫助。”
Monsanto’s influence continued into the Clinton administration. Dan Glickman, then Secretary of Agriculture, says, “there was a general feeling in agro-business and inside our government in the US that if you weren’t marching lock-step forward in favor of rapid approvals of biotech products, rapid approvals of GMO crops, then somehow, you were anti-science and anti-progress.” He admits, “when I opened my mouth in the Clinton Administration [about the lax regulations on GMOs], I got slapped around a little bit.”
孟山都公司的影響在格林頓克林頓政府期間繼續(xù)。丹·戈理克曼（Dan Glickman），當(dāng)時(shí)的農(nóng)業(yè)部長，說，“在美國農(nóng)業(yè)生意圈與我們的政府內(nèi)部曾經(jīng)有一種總的感覺，如果你不是大踏步向前支持批準(zhǔn)生物技術(shù)產(chǎn)品與快速批準(zhǔn)轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）作物的話，那么不知何故你是反科學(xué)與反進(jìn)步的?！彼姓J(rèn)，“克林頓政府工作期間當(dāng)我開口說話[關(guān)于放松對于轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）的監(jiān)管]，我往往受到某些抨擊?！?/p>
Unlike Glickman, FDA’s Maryanski tries in vain to convince filmmaker Robin that GMOs are safe and that US regulation is adequate. But Robin had conducted four months of intensive internet research examining declassified documents, leaked internal files, scientific studies, trial transcripts, articles, and first hand accounts of whistleblowers. She was prepared.
與戈理克曼（Glickman）不同，美國食品與藥物管理署（FDA）的馬力昂斯基（Maryanski）試圖但是未能說服影片制作者羅賓（Robin）相信轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMO）安全以及美國對其有足夠的監(jiān)管。盡管如此，羅賓（Robin）還是花費(fèi)了四個(gè)月的時(shí)間對網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的解密文件、泄露出來的網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件、科學(xué)研究報(bào)告、試驗(yàn)報(bào)告、文章以及舉報(bào)者的一手證據(jù)進(jìn)行了深入的研究。她進(jìn)行了充分的準(zhǔn)備。
In a priceless sequence, the film alternates between Maryanski’s assurances and public interest attorney Steven Druker reading formerly secret memos by agency scientists, describing the serious health damage that GMOs may cause. When Robin repeats these same quotes to Maryanski, he resorts to uncomfortable stuttering, stammering, and backtracking. When he ultimately tries to dismiss genetic engineering as completely safe, Robin nails him. She reads to Maryanski his own words from a 1991 memo in which he acknowledged that genetic engineering of a food supplement called L-tryptophan in the 1980s may have been responsible for a deadly epidemic that killed dozens and caused thousands to fall sick or become disabled.
依照極為珍貴的順序，影片從馬力昂斯基（Maryanski）的保證切換到公共利益律師斯提芬·杜拉克（Steven Druker）閱讀美國食品與藥物管理署（FDA）的科學(xué)家們過去保密的備忘錄中對轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMOs）可能造成的嚴(yán)重健康損害的描述。當(dāng)羅賓（Robin）向馬力昂斯基（Maryanski）重復(fù)引用同樣的這些資料時(shí)，他不得不求助于令人不舒服的口吃與放棄。當(dāng)他最終試圖將轉(zhuǎn)基因工程說成是完全安全時(shí)，羅賓（Robin）將他釘牢。她向馬力昂斯基（Maryanski）讀出他本人1991年寫的一個(gè)備忘錄中的話，其中他本人確認(rèn)80年代稱之為L色氨酸（L-tryptophan）的一種基因工程生產(chǎn)的食品添加劑可能應(yīng)當(dāng)對造成數(shù)十人死亡數(shù)千人生病或傷殘的一種致命傳染病負(fù)責(zé)。
Suppressing evidence of harm, attacking GMO scientists
壓制對自己有害的證據(jù)，攻擊反對轉(zhuǎn)基因的科學(xué)家
When Monsanto’s GM crops hit American farm fields in 1996, virtually no safety studies had been published. The pro-GM UK government decided to commission Dr. Arpad Pusztai, the world’s leading scientist in his field, to design rigorous safety testing protocols that would convince a skeptical public to embrace GM foods. When Pusztai fed GM potatoes to rats, however, they developed potentially pre-cancerous cell growth, a damaged immune system, and inhibited growth of major organs. Moreover, Pusztai’s work implicated the generic process of genetic engineering itself as the cause. That is, any GM food already on the market might create the same problems in humans.
當(dāng)孟山都公司的轉(zhuǎn)基因（GM）農(nóng)作物于1996年進(jìn)入美國農(nóng)場的農(nóng)田，事實(shí)上沒有發(fā)表任何安全性研究報(bào)告。支持轉(zhuǎn)基因（pro-GM）的英國政府決定委任阿帕德·普斯泰博士（Dr. Arpad Pusztai），該領(lǐng)域世界領(lǐng)先的科學(xué)家，設(shè)計(jì)嚴(yán)格的安全性試驗(yàn)協(xié)議來說服質(zhì)疑的公眾歡迎轉(zhuǎn)基因食品（GM）。普斯泰博士將轉(zhuǎn)基因土豆喂食給老鼠時(shí)，它們產(chǎn)生了潛在癌癥前期的細(xì)胞生長，免疫系統(tǒng)遭到破壞，主要器官生長受阻。此外，普斯泰博士的工作暗示著基因工程的遺傳過程本身是導(dǎo)致這些問題的根源。這說明，已經(jīng)進(jìn)入市場的任何轉(zhuǎn)基因食物（GM food）可能對人類造成同樣的問題。
When Pusztai went public with his concerns, he was praised for his “wonderful work” by his director at the prestigious Rowett Institute. But according to a colleague, “two phone calls from Downing Street [the home of UK Prime Minister Tony Blair] to the director” resulted in Pusztai’s sudden dismissal after 35 years. His protocols were shelved and he was the target of a relentless smear campaign, designed to destroy his reputation while promoting that of GMOs.
普斯泰博士公開了他的擔(dān)心時(shí)，他所工作的聲望很高的羅維特研究院（Rowett Institute）的主任贊揚(yáng)他的工作是“極好的工作”。但是，根據(jù)一位同事提供的情況，“來自當(dāng)寧街[英國總理托尼·布萊爾官邸]打給主任的兩個(gè)電話”導(dǎo)致普斯泰博士工作了35年之后突然被解職。他設(shè)計(jì)的協(xié)議被放入書架中，他本人成為無情誹謗他的運(yùn)動的目標(biāo)，企圖在促進(jìn)轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體的同時(shí)破壞他的信譽(yù)。
UC Berkeley Professor Ignacio Chapela was also targeted after he published evidence that GM corn had cross-pollinated with indigenous Mexican varieties, forever contaminating “the world’s genetic reservoir of corn.” Just after his research was published in Nature, Mary Murphy and Andura Smetacek began posting false accusations on a biotech forum website, recruiting scientists to inundate the publication with demands to retract the study. When anti-GMO campaigner Jonathan Matthews analyzed the technical headers on the two’s emails, he traced Smetacek to a Monsanto computer, and Murphy to their PR firm. The two were apparently fictitious characters created to stir things up. Matthews says, “There’s no ethics at all in what’s going on here. It shows an organization that is determined to push its products into countries around the world and it’s determined to destroy the reputation of anybody who stands in their way.”
美國加州大學(xué)柏克萊學(xué)院（UC Berkeley）依戈納希奧·查帕拉教授（Professor Ignacio Chapela）發(fā)表證據(jù)證明轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米對墨西哥的玉米品種造成異花授粉，對“世界玉米遺傳庫”造成污染。發(fā)表后，查帕拉教授也成為誹謗的對象。他的研究論文在《自然》雜志發(fā)表后，瑪麗·墨菲（Mary Murphy）與安杜拉·斯梅塔茨克（Andura Smetacek）開始在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上一個(gè)生物技術(shù)論壇上發(fā)表偽造的指控，征募科學(xué)家要求撤銷他的論文。當(dāng)反對轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（anti-GMO）運(yùn)動的宣傳者喬納森·馬修斯（Jonathan Matthews）對他們的兩個(gè)郵件的技術(shù)抬頭進(jìn)行了分析，他跟蹤斯梅塔茨克（Smetacek）追蹤到孟山都公司的一臺電腦，跟蹤墨菲（Murphy）追蹤到孟山都公司的公關(guān)關(guān)系公司的電腦。這兩位人士顯然是為挑起事端而編造的兩個(gè)“人士”。馬修斯（Matthews）說，“在哪里發(fā)生的事情毫無道德規(guī)范可言。它顯示了這樣一個(gè)組織，它決心將他們的產(chǎn)品推銷到世界所有的國家，同時(shí)決心破壞任何敢于擋他們道的人信譽(yù)?！?/p>
Monster corn and contamination by design
有意設(shè)計(jì)的妖魔玉米與污染
The film explores an ominous new development in Mexico that has yet to be reported in the scientific literature. Mutated and bizarrely shaped corn plants have been found “along the roadside or in people’s yards” or fields. Community organizer Aldo Gonzales says, “They are really monsters!” And whenever analyzed, the monsters turn out to be genetically engineered. Local scientists believe that when GM corn cross-pollinates with traditional varieties, some genetic effect disturbs the offspring.
該影片揭露了尚未在科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)中報(bào)告的有惡兆的在墨西哥正在發(fā)展。人們“沿著道路或人民的院子旁”或者田野邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了變異的奇異形狀的玉米。社區(qū)組織者奧爾多·貢扎勒斯（Aldo Gonzales）說，“它們是真正的妖怪！”而且只要進(jìn)行分析的話，這個(gè)妖怪顯然就是轉(zhuǎn)基因工程。當(dāng)?shù)乜茖W(xué)家相信，轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米（GM corn）一旦與傳統(tǒng)品種發(fā)生異花授粉，某些遺傳作用就擾亂它們的后代。
One Mexican farmer realized the implications. “If we don’t manage to stop their spread in our fields, soon we’ll be forced to buy our corn seed because our own won’t work anymore?” Gonzales wonders if the contamination was intentional. He says, “Contamination only benefits multinationals like Monsanto.”
以為墨西哥農(nóng)民理解了這意味著什么.“如果我們不終止它們在我們的田地里的傳播，用不了多久我們將被迫使購買玉米種子，因?yàn)槲覀冏约旱挠衩追N子無法再繁殖。” 貢扎勒斯（Gonzales）懷疑這種污染是否是有意的。他說，“這種污染只能夠使孟山多這樣的跨國公司受益?！?/p>
Intentional contamination of another sort appears to have happened in Paraguay, as illegal Roundup Ready seeds were smuggled in before GMOs were approved. Roberto Franco, Paraguay’s Deputy Agriculture Ministry, tactfully admits, “It is possible that [Monsanto], let’s say, promoted its varieties and its seeds” before they were approved. “We had to authorize GMO seeds because they had already entered our country in an, let’s say, unorthodox way.”
隨著非法的《防圍捕》種子（Roundup Ready seeds）在轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMOs）獲得批準(zhǔn)前已經(jīng)被走私進(jìn)來，看來在巴拉圭正在發(fā)生另外一種類型的有意的污染。羅伯特·佛朗哥（Roberto Franco），巴拉圭農(nóng)業(yè)部副部長，講策略地承認(rèn)，“有可能，讓我們這樣說”，孟山都公司在批準(zhǔn)他們之前“就開始推銷他們的品種與種子”?！拔覀儾坏貌慌鷾?zhǔn)轉(zhuǎn)基因種子因?yàn)樗鼈円呀?jīng)以一種非正統(tǒng)的方式進(jìn)入了我們的國家?！?/p>
Once approved, large agribusinesses bought huge tracts and cut down the rainforest to plant vast Roundup Ready soybean fields. The GMOs allow them to spray by plane or mechanical spreader; to farm without farmers. Peasants who had worked the land for generations are forced out—100,000 each year leave rural areas to live in the shanty towns of the cities. In one small farm community that is holding out next to a soy field, sprayed Roundup kills their livestock and crops, and sickens their children.
一旦獲得批準(zhǔn)，大規(guī)模的農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)開始購買巨型的拖拉機(jī)與砍伐原始森林來大規(guī)模量種植《防圍捕除草劑》大豆（Roundup Ready soybean）。轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體（GMOs）允許他們用飛機(jī)撒播或者機(jī)械化撒播；以沒有農(nóng)民的方式進(jìn)行種植。曾經(jīng)數(shù)代種田的農(nóng)民不得不離開這些土地 – 每年有10萬農(nóng)民離開農(nóng)村區(qū)域住到大城市周邊的棚屋區(qū)。在大豆田旁邊堅(jiān)持著的一個(gè)小的農(nóng)村社區(qū)，噴灑的《圍捕除草劑》殺死了他們的家畜與農(nóng)作物，使他們的孩子得病。
Destroying farmers
摧毀農(nóng)民
US family farmers also feel the heat. Troy Roush is one of hundreds accused by Monsanto of illegally saving their seeds. The company requires farmers to sign a contract that they will not save and replant GM seeds from their harvest. That way Monsanto can sell its seeds—at a premium—each season.
美國的家庭農(nóng)場也感到壓力。特洛伊·勞氏（Troy Roush）是數(shù)百人之一遭到孟山都公司起訴，說他非法保留了他們的種子。孟山都公司要求農(nóng)民們簽署一項(xiàng)合同，承諾不得保留他們收割的產(chǎn)品作為重新種植的轉(zhuǎn)基因種子。以這樣的方式，孟山都公司可以每季高價(jià)銷售它們的種子。
Although Roush maintains his innocence, he was forced to settle with Monsanto after two and a half years of court battles. He says his “family was just destroyed [from] the stress involved.” Many farmers are afraid, according to Roush, because Monsanto has “created a little industry that serves no other purpose than to wreck farmers’ lives.”
盡管勞氏（Roush）堅(jiān)持他是清白的，在打了兩年半官司后他被迫接受孟山都的條件。他說他的“家庭被遭受的壓力毀掉了?！睋?jù)勞氏（Roush）介紹，許多農(nóng)民害怕，因?yàn)槊仙蕉肌耙呀?jīng)建立了一個(gè)除了毀壞農(nóng)民的生活外沒有其他目的的小產(chǎn)業(yè)?！?/p>
Massive farmer suicides
造成許多農(nóng)民自殺
In many countries where Monsanto monopolizes the seeds of certain crops, they eliminate non-GMO choices to force farmers to buy GM varieties. In India, for example, where Monsanto pushes their pesticide-producing Bt cotton, “there was no non-BT hybrid seed available in the market,” says agronomist Kiran Sakhari.
在孟山都公司壟斷了某些品種種子的許多國家，他們排除非轉(zhuǎn)基因生物體之外的任何選擇以便強(qiáng)迫農(nóng)民購買轉(zhuǎn)基因品種（GM varieties）。在印度，舉例來說，孟山都公司推銷它們的“產(chǎn)生殺蟲劑Bt棉花“（pesticide-producing Bt cotton），“在市場上已經(jīng)沒有非-BT雜種了”，農(nóng)學(xué)家凱然·薩克哈瑞（Kiran Sakhari）說。
Farmers had to borrow heavily to pay four times the price for the GM varieties, along with the chemicals needed to grow them. In spite of glowing promises of higher yields by Monsanto’s ads, Bt cotton often performs poorly. Tragically, tens of thousands of indebted desperate farmers have resorted to suicide, often drinking unused pesticides. In one region, more than three Bt cotton farmers take their own lives each day.
農(nóng)民不得不大量借款支付四倍價(jià)格的轉(zhuǎn)基因品種（GM varieties）以及種植他們必須的化學(xué)品。除了孟山都公司廣告中響亮保證的高產(chǎn)外，Bt棉花的表現(xiàn)往往很差。非常悲慘，數(shù)萬負(fù)債累累絕望了的農(nóng)民選擇自殺，通常喝掉沒有用完的殺蟲劑。在某個(gè)地區(qū)，每天有三名以上種植Bt棉花的農(nóng)民自殺。
Replacing Nature: “Nothing Shall Be Eaten That We Don’t Own”
代替自然：“不要食用我們不擁有的任何食物”
Monsanto is the world’s largest seed company and many are concerned. Troy Roush says, “They are in the process of owning food, all food.” Paraguayan farmer Jorge Galeano says, “Its objective is to control all of the world’s food production.” Renowned Indian physicist and community organizer Vandana Shiva says, “If they control seed, they control food; they know it, it’s strategic. It’s more powerful than bombs; it’s more powerful than guns. This is the best way to control the populations of the world.”
孟山多公司是世界上最大的種子公司因而許多人擔(dān)心。（美國）特洛伊·勞氏（Troy Roush）說，“”他們出于擁有食物，所有的食物的過程中?！鞍屠甾r(nóng)民杰奧治·伽里諾（Jorge Galeano）說，“他們的目標(biāo)是控制全球的食物生產(chǎn)?！敝《任锢韺W(xué)家與社區(qū)組織者凡達(dá)納·施瓦（Vandana Shiva）說，“如果他們控制種子，他們就控制了食物；他們對此很清楚，這是戰(zhàn)略。這比炸彈更強(qiáng)有力；這比槍炮更強(qiáng)有力。這是控制全世界人口的最好方法?！?/p>
The World According to Monsanto is aptly named. It is about Monsanto seeking to recreate the world in its own image, for its own benefit. They intend to replace (and patent) the entire food supply. And since their genetic pollution self-propagates in the environment, it will outlast the effects of global warming and nuclear waste.
世界，依據(jù)孟山都公司，被適宜地命名。這是關(guān)于孟山都公司企望以他們自己的想象與他們自己的利益再造這個(gè)世界的問題。他們打算對整個(gè)食品供應(yīng)進(jìn)行更換（并取得其專利）。自從他們的基因污染在環(huán)境中自我傳播，最終它將活過全球溫暖與何廢料的效應(yīng)。
Such widespread permanent influence may not be safe with any individual or company. With Monsanto’s record, the results can only be catastrophic.
這樣廣泛傳播的持久的影響對任何個(gè)人或公司都不是安全的。但是在孟山多公司歷史記錄的情況下，這種結(jié)果只可能是災(zāi)難性的。
This powerful documentary might just inspire a global rejection of Monsanto’s plans for our world. If so, it will be the most important film in history.
這個(gè)極具震撼力的紀(jì)錄片可能會激起一場全球抵制運(yùn)動，以對抗孟山都公司對我們這個(gè)世界的圖謀?！比绻軌蜻@樣的話，這部影片將是歷史上最重要的的影片。
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Jeffrey M. Smith is the international bestselling author of Seeds of Deception and Genetic Roulette, the executive director of the Institute for Responsible Technology, and director of The Campaign for Healthier Eating in America.
Jeffrey M. Smith是國際上暢銷書《欺騙的種子》（Seeds of Deception）與《遺傳賭局》（Genetic Roulette）的作者，負(fù)責(zé)任技術(shù)研究院的執(zhí)行主任，亦是美國《更健康飲食運(yùn)動》的主任。
The World According to Monsanto is co-produced by the National Film Board of Canada, ARTE France, Image & Compagnie, WDR, and Les Productions Thalie.
《孟山都公司眼中的世界》合作拍攝者為加拿大國家電影理事會、法國ARTE、影像與運(yùn)動、WDR、以及Les Productions Thalie。