記得從2007年開始，國內(nèi)很多媒體都在關(guān)注國際農(nóng)業(yè)資本對國內(nèi)大豆和食用油市場的爭奪。海關(guān)總署更發(fā)出預(yù)警，指出外資企業(yè)在我國糧食領(lǐng)域的控制力正在加強(qiáng)?？鐕顿Y企業(yè)豐益國際，斥資30億美元進(jìn)駐東北，企圖壟斷國內(nèi)非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆的市場。

       入住黑龍江省的豐益國際，已投巨資收購東北大豆的跨國企業(yè)，早在2006年就開始在黑龍江省圈地建廠。他們建立的工廠其規(guī)模黑龍江省內(nèi)最大的，包括一個(gè)大型油脂加工廠，一個(gè)倉儲工廠，有十多萬平方米。外資進(jìn)駐后，整個(gè)把貨源進(jìn)行控制，那就是對價(jià)格走勢造成很大的影響。

        以豐益國際、嘉吉、邦基、ADM和路易達(dá)孚為代表的跨國資本，最擅長的手段就是利用資金優(yōu)勢，通過資本運(yùn)作消滅對手，壟斷市場，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)操控價(jià)格，牟取巨額利潤的目的，來中國之前，他們已經(jīng)用這樣的辦法控制了拉美等地的糧食市場。2004年，跨國巨頭盯上了中國大豆，他們利用期貨把大豆價(jià)格一路拉到了每噸4300元的歷史高價(jià)，誘使國內(nèi)榨油企業(yè)集中采購了約300萬噸的美國大豆，隨后又一路把價(jià)格打壓到每噸3100元，導(dǎo)致中國油脂企業(yè)半數(shù)破產(chǎn)，跨國糧商趁機(jī)利用并購、參股、合資等形式，控制了近60%的國內(nèi)油脂企

業(yè)，國內(nèi)最大的油脂加工企業(yè)九三集團(tuán)也曾傳出有外資試圖參股的消息。

        那些跨國糧商在中國辦了很多大加工企業(yè)，但是他們不是為了通過加工企業(yè)加工產(chǎn)品在市場上賺錢，而是要通過辦加工廠來消化他們從國際市場上倒來的大豆，他們主要是為了賣大豆，以前許多外商也與我們談過合作的問題，他們都有一個(gè)相似的條件，就是合作可以，但是你必須買我的大豆。

       隨著國內(nèi)企業(yè)對進(jìn)口大豆依存度逐步增加，進(jìn)口大豆價(jià)格也從每噸2000多元一度猛漲到了6000元/噸的歷史高價(jià)，國際糧商賺了個(gè)盆滿缽滿，然而跨國糧商在中國的布局并未結(jié)束，2005年，跨國企業(yè)開始進(jìn)入東北，收購非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆，讓國內(nèi)企業(yè)一時(shí)看不明白的是，他們竟然把高價(jià)生產(chǎn)的非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油，用遠(yuǎn)低于轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油的價(jià)格推向了市場。

        非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆是稀缺資源，非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油是上等油，應(yīng)該賣個(gè)好價(jià)格，可有的商家惡意在轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油旁邊放一瓶非轉(zhuǎn)基大豆油。幾年萬，轉(zhuǎn)基因標(biāo)價(jià)標(biāo)價(jià)是56元一桶，非轉(zhuǎn)基因標(biāo)價(jià)35元一桶。然后告訴消費(fèi)者，哪個(gè)油好看標(biāo)價(jià)就知道了，可消費(fèi)者真要買這瓶非轉(zhuǎn)基大豆油商家卻不賣，其用心可想而知了。他們是將國產(chǎn)非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆徹底打垮后，好在國內(nèi)推廣其轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆，因?yàn)?，中國人吃天然非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆的權(quán)利被徹底剝奪了。我國的大豆產(chǎn)業(yè)就是這么淪陷的。

        跨國糧商為了爭奪一個(gè)市場，他們可以在兩三年內(nèi)把產(chǎn)品價(jià)格壓得很低，讓競爭對手跟不上，抬不起頭來，一般的企業(yè)都陪伴不起。隨著低價(jià)油的拋出，國內(nèi)油脂企業(yè)再此遭遇重創(chuàng)，到2006年，東北半數(shù)以上的油脂企業(yè)處于倒閉、停產(chǎn)或半停產(chǎn)狀態(tài)，而與此同時(shí)，跨國資本卻迅速擴(kuò)張，豐益國際其旗下控制的大豆壓榨企業(yè)達(dá)到了12家，年壓榨能力超過1000萬噸，占據(jù)了中國小包裝食用油近85%的市場份額。

         外資成功控制了中國大豆后，又在東北打糧食物流方面的主意，這是非?？膳碌囊患虑??？鐕Z商控制南美大豆，恰恰是通過控制南美的物流來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，他們現(xiàn)在想把這種模式復(fù)制到中國東北，東北的糧食物流一旦被外資控制了，其后果是非常嚴(yán)重的，那將會出現(xiàn)我們當(dāng)家，他們來做主的局面。

        更可怕的是，幾大跨國糧商仿佛鐵板一塊，他們相互持有股份，捆綁在一起，利用豐富的國際貿(mào)易經(jīng)驗(yàn)和資金優(yōu)勢，迅速完成了在中國市場的布局，現(xiàn)在國內(nèi) 90多家榨油企業(yè)，有64家已經(jīng)變成外資獨(dú)資或合資，中國85%的油脂加工總量已經(jīng)被外資牢牢控制。狼來了，而且狼真的來了。

        外國大豆迅猛的涌入，鋪天蓋地都進(jìn)來了，2007年大概我們總進(jìn)口量得達(dá)到3800萬噸，我們國產(chǎn)大豆也就1600萬噸，進(jìn)口量是國產(chǎn)量的2倍多；而到2011年，中國進(jìn)口的轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆達(dá)到了歷史性的5300萬噸，嚴(yán)重地對中國的大豆產(chǎn)業(yè)造成損害。中國大豆產(chǎn)業(yè)一步步退縮，進(jìn)口大豆一步步逼近，最后中國大豆產(chǎn)業(yè)離徹底消亡的日子不遠(yuǎn)了。

        大豆是這樣，那么，玉米、小麥和水稻呢？外資正準(zhǔn)備新一輪的糧食攻勢，這就是在中國培養(yǎng)其代理人，用轉(zhuǎn)基因垃圾糧食打開中國主流缺口，并進(jìn)一步壟斷之。且看下面的報(bào)道：

        2012年2月18日，就在中國國家副主席習(xí)近平訪美后不久，美國杜邦先鋒就發(fā)出了這樣的信號：中國一號文件讓他們很舒服。這個(gè)消息來自美國一篇英文報(bào)道，主要內(nèi)容是杜邦先鋒良種公司將與中國開展長期業(yè)務(wù)，該公司將改造中國的農(nóng)業(yè)。這就是說，他們正在布局對中國糧食的壟斷業(yè)務(wù)，并為中國農(nóng)業(yè)繪制一張“宏偉的藍(lán)圖”。

        該公司對中國說：我們將在你們國家創(chuàng)造一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)革命。主要內(nèi)容是：大量使用該公司轉(zhuǎn)基因種子，大量使用該公司的大機(jī)器、化肥和農(nóng)藥，把中國天然有機(jī)小農(nóng)經(jīng)營農(nóng)業(yè)改為規(guī)模集約化經(jīng)營的“化工農(nóng)業(yè)”。為此，該公司說，中國新近頒布的“一號文件”讓該公司感到“很舒服”，因?yàn)椋袊r(nóng)業(yè)終于開始用該公司的“專業(yè)語言”了。

 

        提到先玉335的時(shí)候，該公司沒有正面回答“是”或“不是”轉(zhuǎn)基因，而只是說“中國不允許未經(jīng)獲準(zhǔn)種植轉(zhuǎn)基因作物”，但先玉335在中國種植了，種植面積很大。

        報(bào)道說，該公司在北美開發(fā)的先玉335是專門為中國市場銷售的。在美國并沒有先玉335品種的專利、或獲準(zhǔn)種植上市的文件，只有該品種的父本PH4CV的專利文件、但沒有該用專利之作物獲準(zhǔn)商業(yè)化種植上市的文件。先玉335是在中國遼寧“組合”出來、專為在中國種植的。

 

        中國農(nóng)業(yè)官員和杜邦孟山都公司聯(lián)手已經(jīng)是如此緊密了。美國公司不但捆邦了李家洋當(dāng)顧問和中國農(nóng)業(yè)部副部長，而且還滲透中國決策層搞了讓他們“很舒服”的2012年“一號文件”，甚至開始公開捆邦未來的中國國家主席了。

 

        中國盲目搞轉(zhuǎn)基因大躍進(jìn)已經(jīng)20來年。再和杜邦公司聯(lián)手搞上10年，中國農(nóng)業(yè)將基本完蛋。豆業(yè)慘敗而不得不依靠進(jìn)口，玉米也已經(jīng)是砧板上的“魚肉”，水稻則是被禍害得不成樣子?？梢哉f，今后十年，是中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展和糧食供應(yīng)的生死攸關(guān)的十年。

 

        附件是該報(bào)道全文原文，希望能讀英文原文的網(wǎng)友自己判斷吧。

Hicks: Pioneer takes long view on work in China
New seed corn lines and planting tactics are geared toward a transformation of agriculture there.
11:05 PM, Feb. 18, 2012 | Written by LYNN HICKS
http://www.desmoinesregister.com/article/20120219/BUSINESS03/302190021/1029/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+desmoinesregister%

2FBusiness+%28DesMoinesRegister.com+-+BUSINESS%29

 

        Bill Niebur tells his Chinese guests: We will create a revolution in your country. But first, he says, we will be your partner, we will tap into local wisdom and we will lay a solid foundation based on harmony, respect and trust.

        Pioneer Hi-Bred has a “l(fā)ong-look philosophy,” Niebur, who runs the seed company’s Chinese operations, explains to Hebei province officials visiting the Johnston headquarters in a historic week of Iowa-China diplomacy. “When we went into China, we realized we were planting trees.”

        He expects those roots to transform Chinese agriculture in the next 10 to 15 years. Together, he tells the Chinese, “we are writing the most important story of this century.”

        The Chinese officials want to know more. They want to shift the plot to prevent food shortages in the world’s most populous nation.

        The story thus far isn’t promising. As the Chinese grow wealthier and more move to cities, they are eating more like Americans. Consumption of meat and dairy has soared.

         Despite record corn harvests in recent years, China, the world’s second-largest producer of corn, behind the U.S., can’t keep up with demand. Farmers there produce about 86 bushels per acre, compared with 172 last year in Iowa. Chronic water shortages, less arable land and other constraints will pressure production.

        As a result, China has begun buying U.S. corn and is expected to buy much more. By 2022, China is forecast to import six times the amount of corn it does now and become the world’s largest importer of the grain, the U.S. Department of Agriculture said in a report Monday.

       That demand could lead to higher food prices for U.S. consumers, economists warn.

        But Pioneer bases its business on disproving the theories of 18th-century economist Thomas Malthus, who argued that population gains will eventually outstrip agricultural production.

        Niebur believes China can move into the top tier of corn producers by yield, without using more land or water, but by creating “virtual acres” through advanced seed genetics.

        Pioneer’s parent, DuPont, showed its commitment to the Chinese market last week by announcing plans for a seed technology center in Beijing, promising the latest breeding methods to develop high-yield corn hybrids.

        And China showed that it appreciates Pioneer. At a reception before a state dinner at the Iowa Capitol Wednesday, the future leader of China, Xi Jinping, surprised Paul Schickler, Pioneer’s president. Xi told the small audience that Pioneer seed was planted on 2 million hectares (4.9 million acres).

        Later, at the state dinner, Schickler was sitting between two vice ministers when Xi singled out Pioneer as a friendly company. One of the officials said to Schickler: “Wow, that’s impressive.”

        The future leader of China had given his approval, which could help Pioneer get in the door with state-owned institutes or other potential partners.

        “It validates the strong reputation we have in China, and relationships we’ve built there in the last 10 to 15 years,” Schickler said.

 

        Pioneer opened its first office in China in 1997 and started forming joint ventures and other partnerships shortly after.
In 2004, Pioneer began selling Hybrid XY335, a combination of two inbred lines developed in North America solely for the Chinese market. The hybrid set a national corn yield record in its second year of use.
 

        “The product changed the face of corn growing,” Niebur said.

        Pioneer believes that XY335 — and its counterfeit replicas — together make it the most widely planted hybrid in China. The hybrid does so well that some have questioned whether the seed was genetically modified, according to Asian news reports. China does not allow commercial cultivation of GMO corn.

        Pioneer sells seed to 8 million Chinese farmers, and Niebur plans to double that. Numbers are hard to come by, but Pioneer estimates it has about 9 percent of the seed corn market in China. That makes it a leader among multinational companies and puts it in the top three to five corn seed companies overall, the company said.

         “I can tell you that from my trips in Asia, every Chinese seed company that we have met with benchmarks against Pioneer,” Mark Connelly, an analyst at Credit Agricole Securities, said in a DuPont investor forum in November.

        Pioneer now sells 20 hybrids in China, and Niebur expects 10 to 15 will be released in the next year. Company helps teach improved methods

        The company is doing more than providing seed. It’s teaching the people.

       Most Chinese farmers still plant by hand, in plots of a half acre to one and a half acres, Niebur said. The uniform size of Pioneer seeds enables farmers to use two-or three-row planters.

        Pioneer agronomists have worked with provincial officials to encourage farmers to plant a single seed — instead of planting three corn seeds in a hill, then thinning out all but the strongest plants.

        The next wave will include helping farmers use fertilizer, herbicides and irrigation more effectively, Niebur said.

        Agriculture has not advanced at the same pace as other industries in China, Niebur said. But that’s changing.

        On Feb. 1, the government released “Document No. 1,” recommendations on accelerating agricultural production. The document supports technological innovation, farmer training and education to boost productivity — words that Pioneer finds comforting.
 

        “We see a shift of attitudes and beliefs on what it will take to professionalize and advance agriculture,” Niebur said.
Change means tension, takes time to pay off.

        But transformation creates turbulence. Niebur quoted Mao Zedong to his Hebei guests: “A revolution is not a dinner party.” In other words, it won’t be enjoyable for everyone.

        Members of the delegation shook their heads knowingly.

        “Everyone realized the context of that comment,” Niebur said later.

        Progress will leave some behind, as it always does. But China, Niebur says, must advance and mechanize to keep up with demand. Its farmers are aging.

        But China need not follow Iowa’s example of massive shift to large-scale farming: Pioneer seeds and agronomy training will benefit farmers with an acre or two, he said. “We will see the largest number of smallholders in the world,” he said. “I don’t think they will disappear.”

        After a demonstration in a Pioneer greenhouse filled with fast-growing corn, Hebei Gov. Zhang Qingwei presses Niebur. How can we help Pioneer?

        Niebur asks that provincial officials continue to allow the company to form more relationships. “Too generic,” Zhang said through a translator.

        Niebur gets more specific, with talk of research collaborations, new business ventures, and permission to work on new crops, like oilseeds. They agree to continue the conversation in Hebei, a province that surrounds Beijing.

        The irony: Niebur lives in Beijing. He and the governor are practically neighbors, but they have traveled 6,500 miles to meet in Johnston. It’s a start.

        Schickler is confident that Pioneer — and Iowa — will have the opportunity to harvest all the goodwill from last week.
 “More important than this week is what things look like three years from now,” he said. “That’s when things will really show, ‘Wow, this was a historic event. Look at where we are.’ ”

        從上文的報(bào)道來看，中國人的米袋子正在被人家搶去，且大部分中國人依然蒙在鼓里，糊里糊涂吃了七八年轉(zhuǎn)基因不說，今后吃飯不得不看人家臉色的日子也不遠(yuǎn)了。

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